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birth

BirthIt is when the baby, which grows and develops in the womb for an average of 40 weeks, comes out of the mother's womb. According to research, babies decide when they will be born, and when they are ready to be born, some substances secreted from their bodies reach the mother, and thus the mother begins to secrete her own oxytocin. Expectant mothers wait impatiently throughout pregnancy birth As the moment approaches, the only question in mind is which way to give birth.

What are the Types of Birth?

From the first moment, mothers who learn that they are pregnant start thinking about how their baby will be born and how well their baby will develop. in the first weeks birth Although its shape is not fully clear depending on the anatomy of the baby and the mother, it will be possible for families and mothers to choose between different birth methods in the coming weeks. In addition to normal birth, different techniques have been developed over time to minimize the pain experienced by the mother.

Normal Birth

The birth of the baby from the womb to the outside world without any surgical intervention is called normal or vaginal birth. It manifests itself with conditions such as contractions, water breaking or spotting. Normal birth, which has been used for centuries, is also known as natural birth. In this birth, which takes place without medication, painkillers or any medical intervention, contractions first begin in the uterus. The baby is born vaginally, with contractions starting between the 37th and 42nd weeks of pregnancy. Normal birth takes place in three steps.

Birth

In the first stage, uterine contractions occur. These contractions occur every 10 to 15 minutes and can last approximately 14-16 hours. With contractions, the cervix is expected to open 8-10 cm so that the baby can come out. The intensity of contractions will increase over time and the time between minutes when contractions are felt will decrease to 2-3 minutes. In the second stage, the birth of the baby occurs. It is possible to ensure that the baby is born in a shorter period of time with the mother's pushing and pushing movements. This stage may be short or last a few hours. Finally, in the third stage, the placenta separates from the uterus.

There are many advantages to having a vaginal birth, and most women who are confident and believe they can handle the pain will have it, except for a few exceptional cases that require a caesarean section. normal birth they prefer to do. Women who begin to experience the feeling of motherhood after learning that they are pregnant want to experience the birth from start to finish. Since no medication is used during birth, the expectant mother does not feel drowsiness and is alert. The moment the baby is born, they have the opportunity to reunite earlier and form a stronger bond.

Women who give birth normally release more endorphins in their bodies compared to women who are given painkillers. This allows mothers to return to their normal lives more quickly. It has also been found that women who give birth vaginally have less pain than women who have a cesarean section.

cesarean section

birthCesarean section is a surgical operation that allows the baby to be brought into the world through an incision made in the pregnant woman's abdomen. In caesarean section surgeries, which last an average of 1 hour, the expectant mother is exposed to two to three times more anesthesia compared to normal birth. Cesarean section is one of the preferred methods in cases of risk that develops during normal birth or in children who are still unborn even though the time has come. During a cesarean section, this method is considered a surgical procedure because the expectant mother is given spinal, epidural or general anesthesia and a large incision is made in the mother's abdomen and uterus.

In cases where it is not possible to complete vaginal birth safely, cesarean section is more preferred. When a situation that threatens the mother or child is detected, cesarean section should be preferred, taking into account the risks posed by medical intervention. These risky situations include situations such as the baby not being in the appropriate position, the baby being larger than the ideal size, premature separation of the placenta, the baby's pulse being weak, and the first pregnancy occurring after the age of 35. The fact that the expectant mother's psychology is not strong enough to withstand the pain can be considered as one of the reasons for choosing a cesarean section. Caesarean section has become the most preferred method after vaginal birth, especially in Turkey. According to 2017 data, 53 out of every 100 babies were born by cesarean section.

However, the Ministry of Health and many experts state that cesarean section should be given priority only in exceptional cases where normal birth is not possible. Pregnant women feel almost no pain or pain during a cesarean section. However, the disadvantages and risks of cesarean birth are much higher than other methods. First of all, since anesthesia is required during cesarean section, the mother feels her body numb and therefore cannot feel the sensations experienced during vaginal birth. Since the abdominal layers are opened layer by layer with an incision, the mother's recovery period takes longer than normal birth. This situation may prevent the mother from having close contact with her baby and the hospital stay may last longer.

In addition, since cesarean section is a surgical procedure, it has risks, as in every surgery. Another advantage of normal birth is that the baby can more easily remove the fluid from his lungs during normal birth. Since this process may take longer during a cesarean section, your baby may have temporary breathing problems. In cases where there is a life-threatening situation for the mother and baby, caesarean section turns into a life-saving operation. However, if it does not require urgent intervention, the opinion of not only the mother but also your doctor should be sought, the conditions are normal. birth If it is not suitable for the patient, cesarean section may be preferred and information about this process should be obtained.

Birth in water

Birth

In order for the expectant mother to have a more comfortable and stress-free process, the baby is born in a bathtub filled with water. The bathtub is sterilized in advance and filled with water close to body temperature. After the desired uterine dilatation is achieved, the expectant mother is taken into the bathtub and the process begins. It is one of the methods that has become quite preferred in recent years. In this method, which is considered an alternative to vaginal birth, the expectant mother gives birth in warm water of 35-37 degrees. Since warm water gives the mother a feeling of relaxation, there is no need to give painkillers or artificial pain to women giving birth with this method.

In addition, there is evidence that the endorphin hormone secreted by the mother's body during birth is released more in water. This hormone, which allows the mother to relax, also reduces the level of stress and anxiety. Birth in water Thanks to this, leaving the water in which the baby has been in the womb for 9 months and moving to another water prevents the baby from going into shock. However, there are some situations where giving birth in water is not possible. This reasons; It is not possible to do this in cases such as premature birth of the baby, breech delivery, twin pregnancy, excessive bleeding, genital herpes. However, expectant mothers who want to give birth in water are generally recommended to do so in their second or third pregnancy.

The doctor and team who will perform a water birth should be experienced before, it should be done in a sterile environment, and it should be ensured that the water can be exited quickly and efficiently in an emergency.

Epidural (Painless)

Epidural, which is popularly called painless, is applied by the anesthesiologist. While the expectant mother is in a sitting position, the waist area is cleaned with a sterile solution and covered. Then, local anesthesia is applied and a catheter is placed in the waist area with the help of a thin needle. The outer part of the catheter is attached to the patient's back and the patient is prepared to give the drug dose. The low dose given in the first stage allows it to be determined whether any allergic reaction develops in the patient.

Things to Consider During Pregnancy

Almost all women have to give up some of their daily routines after pregnancy. There are many issues that need to be taken into consideration for the health of mother and baby, such as healthy eating, avoiding stress, and losing weight. Things to do during pregnancy will not only ensure that the mother has a comfortable pregnancy, but will also have a positive impact on the development of the baby. expectant mothers birth Things to consider before doing this can be listed as follows:

  • Consuming healthy foods,
  • Not using tobacco and alcohol,
  • Do not consume coffee, tea or carbonated drinks,
  • Avoid consuming processed food and saturated fat,
  • Avoiding fatty and spicy foods,
  • Avoid entering very hot places such as steam bath, sauna, jacuzzi,
  • Heavy lifting and strenuous activities should be avoided.
  • staying away from stress,
  • Choosing comfortable shoes,
  • Staying away from imaging devices that emit radiation,
  • Avoiding close contact with sick people
  • Exercising under the supervision of an instructor to strengthen muscles
  • For the health of mother and baby, be careful not to gain too much weight,
  • Using only medications and vitamins recommended by the doctor,
  • Sleeping 7 to 9 hours a day so that the body can get enough rest,
  • Wearing high-waisted underwear and bras that make the breasts comfortable,
  • Choosing cotton and loose-fitting clothes instead of synthetic ones,
  • Avoiding tight belts and trousers
  • Keeping car, bus and train journeys less than 6 hours
  • For air travel, you must get approval from your doctor.
  • In multiple pregnancies, sexual intercourse should not be attempted after the 6th month.

What should be taken into consideration after the baby is born?

The period after the baby is born, pregnancy and birth It is a period that requires as much attention as what needs to be done during it. During this period, which begins after birth and lasts an average of 6 weeks, some changes can be noticed in the psychology and physiology of the mother. Here are some issues that expectant mothers should keep in mind so that they can get through this process more easily:

  • Tobacco and cigarettes should be consumed.
  • Tea and coffee consumption should be reduced.
  • Women who give birth naturally must stay under hospital observation for 24 hours, and women who have a cesarean section must remain under hospital observation for 48 hours.
  • After leaving the hospital, mothers need to rest for a while at home.
  • Resting is not the same as lying down all the time. Walking around the house and doing simple household chores is an important factor in increasing blood circulation for the mother.
  • People who have given birth normally can start simple exercises after approximately 1 week. However, mothers who perform a caesarean section should avoid movements that will strain the stitches for 6 months.
  • For breastfeeding, eat protein-rich foods and avoid foods that cause gas.
  • Eating spicy, bitter, fatty foods should be avoided.
  • To avoid constipation, you should drink plenty of water and consume fiber-rich foods.
  • To take a shower, wait until the day recommended by your doctor and take a shower while standing.
  • Women who give birth vaginally should take care and protect their vaginal hygiene. People who use pads daily should change pads frequently and keep the genital area dry. Women who have had a cesarean section also need to keep the stitch area clean.
  • During this process, women can receive support from their husbands. Sleeping with the baby after breastfeeding is very important to ensure body resistance.
  • To prevent infection in the breasts and blockage of the milk ducts, the baby should be breastfed frequently and excess milk should be expressed by expressing. Massaging the chest with a warm towel will help relieve stiffness.
  • Intercourse should be avoided until the postpartum period is completely over.
  • The baby's vaccinations and check-ups should be done on time.
  • It is important to have a vaginal check after the baby is delivered.
  • In cases such as heavy bleeding and clotting, change in the color of the discharge, swelling, redness at the incision site, severe pain, vomiting and nausea, a doctor should be consulted immediately.
  • Breastfeeding mothers should not use any medications other than those prescribed by the doctor.
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